<p>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-eu-has-fined-google-a-billion-dollars-for-ignoring-competition-rules-but-will-it-have-any-effect-288466">original article</a>.</p> </div>